Well-tubing.



PATENTED SEPT. 4, 1906. A SMITH WELL TUBING..

APPLICATION FILED D30. 6, 1905.

UNITED STATES Parana carton Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 4, 1906.

Application filed December 6, 1905. Serial No. 290.554.

To all. whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, ANDREW SMITH, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at San Mateo, county of San Mateo and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Well'lul ing; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, ref erence being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in well-tubing, commonly called wellcasing and to double tubes, one inserted within the other, leaving a narrow annulus between and perforations outward and inward through the walls communicating therewith, as hereinafter particularly described, and illustrated by drawings that form a part of this specification. My improvements consist in outer and innor tubes, each having clean puuahed perforations to admit water, the perforations through the inner tube being punched outward and those in the outer tube punched inward, so that protubcrances produced by punching will project into the. annulus between the tubes, leaving both the exterior and interior of the completed tubes smooth and free from obstruction, also permitting water-inlets of uniform and definite size.

The objects of my invention are to attain smooth surfaces on the outside and inside of the tubes; to permit perforations large enough for clean punching as distinguished from slitting: to permit the whole surface o the tubes, including the perforations therein, to be coated with min-corrosive metal: to determine-the area of-tho inlets for water and make them uniform; also, to provide a construction that -will permit cleaningor repairing the \i'ater-inlet ways from the inside and top of the well.

Referring to the drawings, Figure l is a transverse broken section from a double well-tube, showing the manner of perforating the same; l ig. ll, a front view of a partial vertical section in aplane opposite to Fig. I; Fig. Ill, a side view of some sections of welltubing drawn to a reduced scale and made according to my invention, and .l ig. 1V shows a manner of holding the outer and inner tubes concentric.

Impediments met with in tube-wells are to irovidc interstices or perforations of uniform size'fg the infiltration of water small enough to ei clude coarse sand and gravel,

clearing such perforations when they become clogged or corroded, also the derangement and closing of the perforations on the outside or inside of the tubes when the latter are forced down. When such perforations are narrow slits, as in common practice, the bur raised by the piercing implements is thin, jagged, and liable to both derangement and corrosion, because the operation of piercing is performed after the tubing is coated or galvanized, leaving the surfaces of the slits or perforations unprotected. There is also the impediment of a specific and limited area for the inlet-ways for water and the difficulty of in any manner clearing such inlet-ways when they become clogged- To avoid these impediments, I employ means new to be described by the aid of the drawings.

The tube or casing is made double, as seen in Fig. 1, both the outer tube 1 and the inner tube 2 being perforated at regular intervals,

not by slits, but with clean punched holes 3, of such width as to prevent clogglng. These "holes 3 are staggered in respect to the outer and inner tubes 1 and 2, as indicated in Fig. ll, and the limit of area required to exclude solids is attained b the distance 4 between these orifices and t to opposite walls 5 and 6 of the casing or, in effect, by the width of the annular space 7 between the tubes.

The space 7 is made of a width to suit the protuberances 8 caused by punching and to suit the character of the formation in which a well is sunk, also to suit for oil-wells or land-drains, to whieh my invention is eqlually adapted, being made larger for grave and narrower for sand or other fine material. This space 7 is modified by the relative di ameter of the tubes 1 and .2, and these maybe held concentric by bands of metal, as at 11 in Fig. ill, or strips disposml lengthwise be tween the tubes, but preferably indented protuberances, as shown in Fig. IV, raised by a separate non-pervious punch at the same time the perforations 3 are made.

In preparing the tubes the perforations 3 and indentations s are punched or formed before the sheets or tubes are coated or gal-- vanized, so that the whole surface is protected from corrosion, the perforations being large enough to permit the melted coatingmetal to flow through and drain out.

The perforations 3 when not relied upon to screen or strain the entering Wflt81,-8.S in Fig. IV, can be made of considerable width, preferably an eighth of an inch or more than this, and as the entering Water or oil can flow a. pneumatic hammer or other deviee to deliver blows from the Moe eon be lowere in the; well and; the iniet-possogee be opened by concussion.

It will be lmderst oodi that; while my invention is described especially as welbtubin its genemi object is to extra-0's or d eio WEEtQi from grave send, or earth and is oppfioobie to various purposes where funohon is required.

Having thus expioined the nature we objeots of my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to 585838 by Letters Patent, is

1. in well-tubin.g, double wells eomsisting of anouter and inner tube, the outer Lube having perforations punched inwardfi and the inner tube having perforations unched outwardly, leaving the exterior an interior of the completed tube free L'om protubergnges or obstruction, substoneiofily as speci- 2. In well-tubing, a, doubiww ed tube,

said wells having perforations punched therein, arranged in staggered positions reiotively, leaving an ennuiar spece between the walls, into which space the protuberonees mode by punching project inwardly from. the

outer We. and outwordiy from the inner wall, and means for homing said outer and inner Wofis concentric, substantially as speoifled.

3. In we'lhtubing, two concentric wens inelosiog on enmflar space, said wells having perforations punched thefein' am'enged ix; staggered posfiions reiatively, the protuberonces made by punehing projecting imvardiy from the outer wok into said. onnuior space and outwardly fi'om the inner W3, into said 5: ace, but not contacting the opposite wed, t ereby leaving a. screening-spa se beiween the mouths of the perforations and said opposite well, substantially as s )ecified.

4. In WeH-tubing, a doubl e-wolied tube, said wa s having perforations punched therein, arranged in staggered positions relotiveijy, leaving on annulor space between the wens, into which spa/Ce the protuberonces made by one-hing project inwardly from the outer We and outwardly from the inner wall, and imper'forote protubemnces on one of said Walls projecting into said annular W52, 3, substantially as specified.

.n testilrnonywhereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ANDREW SMITH. Witnesses:

ELMER W'Icmas,

ALFEE'B A. ENQUIST.

space to gage the cieereoce of the weterdnket 

